創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)概念國外文獻

1.跪求一篇關(guān)于 大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)教育研究 相關(guān)的外文文獻 3000字的 謝謝

Investigation and Research of University Students' entrepreneurship ■ understand the most important market in the initial period, the students hope to understand the market and are familiar with the market, this desire is very strong, Up to 75% of this from another angle shows that most college students hope to meet with the community, access to the market. thus understanding market opportunities, and seize opportunities.Comments : "binaural not hear the window incident," the era is gone forever. To give students a better touch with the community, to build a bridge leading to the community is particularly important.■ finance and investment sector to support entrepreneurship is important initial period, entrepreneurs who wish to have the help and support the premier financial and investment sector, the data reached 63.5%. Second, social services organizations and government agencies. Hope that the community service organizations to support the 45.2%, in the hope that the government agencies to support the least and is 28.6%.Comments : financial investment policy of supporting students to entrepreneurship is the effect of the reflected.■ hope to get professional guidance and a risk fund of university students in the early hope to get professional guidance and a risk fund These two are the same, 51.4%, more than half, but not very high, This shows that these two aspects are only easy it is not a particularly pressing.Comments : pioneering professional guidance is very important Unfortunately, many people do not understand this point.venture capital financing more students tend to personal venture financing channels in preference to relatives, friends, classmates and others leverage, financial investment in key sectors is considered, but the former is most important to 32.5%. This in a sense it can be said that the current society or a "social acquaintance", personal relationships is very important, have formed an institutionalized financing channels.Comments : There are both advantages and disadvantages to rely on personal relationships, but even more crucial is to create a scientific and effective financing channels.ignored the government's preferential policies for entrepreneurship students to the survey, entrepreneurs want from government agencies to get help aspirations is not very high, while Many do not know or do not understand the government's preferential policies for entrepreneurship students, Only 28.6% of key government agencies to consider the enabling role.Comments : The role of government forgotten that it was the work of incompetent or publicity has not been in place.establishment of a student entrepreneurial services necessary for the venture. Students want schools to provide the support the most urgent venture is the founder of student services, this proportion is as high as 85.6%, which explains the entrepreneurial schools must be one of homework, This is because many people want to repair this course, the addition, the creation of elective courses and revised structure for the former 56.9%. the latter 30.4%.Comments : entrepreneurial services like employment services agency, the same school education must be an extension of educational services.。

2.求有關(guān)創(chuàng)新寫作方面的論文

您可以去以下網(wǎng)站找資料，然后提問索取全文： ★WWW。

CNKI。NET 是個收費網(wǎng)站，而且很貴！?。?！但是你可以去那里查資料然后問我要全文，因為CNKI的資料很全，有3400多萬篇文章。

當(dāng)然你在任何論文網(wǎng)站或數(shù)據(jù)庫下載全文遇到收費時，都可以向我尋求幫助！ 中國知網(wǎng) ，你上去輸入關(guān)鍵詞，搜索一下就有了 索取全文參看 搜索結(jié)果如： 1。 談學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作的創(chuàng)新思維 被引次數(shù)：3次 趙丹琦 文獻來自：南京金融高等?？茖W(xué)校學(xué)報 1997年 第01期 一、學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作的創(chuàng)新思維首先依賴于大腦思維流程的活躍進行寫作是人腦高級復(fù)雜的精神智力活動，在思維過程中如果有意識地對有關(guān)知識整體感知、綜合歸納、形象記憶、類比想象，就會產(chǎn)生突破性的思維效益，即往往能出現(xiàn)新的問題，新的思路 。

2。 激發(fā)創(chuàng)新思維——研究生英語寫作能力培養(yǎng) 被引次數(shù)：4次 劉玉萍 文獻來自：山東外語教學(xué) 2003年 第05期 所以閱讀是創(chuàng)新的基礎(chǔ)。

閱讀與寫作創(chuàng)新之間具有一種整合而又互動的關(guān)系。其內(nèi)涵是 ：閱讀是寫作創(chuàng)新能力的必要條件 ，寫作創(chuàng)新能力是閱讀發(fā)展的必然結(jié)果。

它們之間可以互相帶動 ，即閱讀能帶動寫作創(chuàng)新能力的發(fā)展 ，寫作創(chuàng)新能力又促 。

3。

試論寫作教學(xué)的創(chuàng)新 被引次數(shù)：2次 黃愛平 文獻來自：江西金融職工大學(xué)學(xué)報 2004年 第04期 使寫作教學(xué)走入了強迫作文的死胡同，而且越陷越深。 在對寫作教學(xué)現(xiàn)狀分析的基礎(chǔ)上提出并論述了創(chuàng)新寫作教學(xué)的觀點和設(shè)想。

[1] 程民 。

4。

消息寫作創(chuàng)新三法 被引次數(shù)：1次 劉照丁 文獻來自：中國記者 2004年 第05期 砂消息寫作創(chuàng)新三法@劉照丁$《韶關(guān)日報》！副總編輯消息怎樣才能引人？本文通過報道實例及評述，在寫作技巧上創(chuàng)新地提出了讓導(dǎo)語“簡”下來、“重”起來 。 。

5。

論應(yīng)用寫作教學(xué)的創(chuàng)新 被引次數(shù)：1次 管曙光 文獻來自：秘書之友 2003年 第11期 的創(chuàng)新寫作的。5。

'孺譽新，首先必須是寫作觀念念的更新又必然促進人們對寫作教學(xué)目的的重新思考和認識。對寫作學(xué)科性質(zhì)和、教學(xué)目的的認識，到目前為止木約是寫文章。

照最終目的，__教是“滿堂灌，，理訟。議共教三個階段： 。

6。 走出作文創(chuàng)新寫作的誤區(qū) 被引次數(shù)：1次 崔益林 文獻來自：語文天地 2003年 第23期 但有走出作文創(chuàng)新寫作的誤區(qū)@崔益林$江蘇省海安縣古賁中學(xué)！226623 “話題作文”作為一種“開放性作文”，的確為考生在完成考場作文時提供了施展才華的良機，從近幾年來反饋的信息來看，也確實體現(xiàn)了這樣的問題。

讓每一個學(xué) 。

7。

論創(chuàng)新意識創(chuàng)新力的概念表現(xiàn)與培養(yǎng)———從研究生科技論文寫作的現(xiàn)狀與問題談起 被引次數(shù)：9次 張建宇 鄒云 文獻來自：學(xué)位與研究生教育 1996年 第06期 概念的界定及其表現(xiàn)度與“創(chuàng)新力”的培養(yǎng)翻開任何一本有關(guān)科技寫作的著作，幾乎毫無例外地都會強調(diào)論文的“新”意與“創(chuàng)新”問題，然而也許因為看似過于簡單的緣故，關(guān)于什么叫做科技意義上的“新”卻鮮有人論及。 就本文作者看來，這卻是一個大問題，只 。

8。 論創(chuàng)新思維與寫作教學(xué)改革 被引次數(shù)：1次 畢耕 文獻來自：教育探索 2005年 第04期 授課教師一定要 樹立寫作就是創(chuàng)新的觀念，使寫作課真正成為訓(xùn)練學(xué)生的 創(chuàng)新思維、培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)新能力的課程。

寫作課的教學(xué)目標，應(yīng)定 位在培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的創(chuàng)新意識、發(fā)展創(chuàng)新思維上，而不僅僅是為 了培養(yǎng)寫作的人才。學(xué)生創(chuàng)新思維能力提高了，不僅可以提 。

9。 談?wù)剬懽髡Z境的創(chuàng)新設(shè)計 被引次數(shù)：2次 徐寶兵！江蘇 唐小琴！江蘇 文獻來自：教書育人 2001年 第05期 遵循了“感知生活語境一一描繪寫作語境”的路子，宗旨是讓學(xué)生做寫作的主人。

只有這樣，學(xué)生豐富的創(chuàng)新思維及想象力才會噴？。

寫作語境教學(xué)體現(xiàn)了新大綱的時代精神，也體現(xiàn)了葉老的“在想象中睜開眼睛來看”的教學(xué)思路。

談?wù)剬懽髡Z境的創(chuàng)新設(shè)計@徐寶兵 。

10。

英語寫作心理訴求及其教學(xué)創(chuàng)新 被引次數(shù)：1次 李特夫 文獻來自：江西教育科研 2005年 第07期 認清英語寫作的心理價值和意義，此乃是教學(xué)中極為重要的第一步，在此基礎(chǔ)之上，才能進一步談所謂創(chuàng)新寫作教學(xué)問題。 二、學(xué)生英語寫作心理訴求分析根據(jù)心理調(diào)查中的觀察法、談話法、問卷法、個案法、測驗法，學(xué)生英語寫作心理訴求可大致 。

上一頁 1 [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] 下一頁 。

3.創(chuàng)業(yè)的定義與基本特征

創(chuàng)業(yè)是指處于創(chuàng)業(yè)階段，高成長性與高風(fēng)險性并存的創(chuàng)新開拓型企業(yè)。創(chuàng)業(yè)型企業(yè)不等于高科技企業(yè)，也不等于中小企業(yè)。大企業(yè)集團也有再創(chuàng)業(yè)行為，只不過這種行為一般可自行解決。高科技企業(yè)和中小企業(yè)有的早已超出了創(chuàng)業(yè)階段。

特征：

從創(chuàng)業(yè)型企業(yè)的首創(chuàng)精神看，創(chuàng)業(yè)過程包含著新的產(chǎn)品或新的服務(wù)的誕生，這是創(chuàng)業(yè)成功的關(guān)鍵因素。而從整個經(jīng)濟社會的角度看，這無疑是產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)不斷更新與演進的重要推動力。

擴展資料：

基本階段

第一階段

生存階段，以產(chǎn)品和技術(shù)來占領(lǐng)市場，只要有想法（點子）會搞關(guān)系（銷售）就可以。

第二階段

公司化階段，規(guī)范管理來增加企業(yè)效益，這是需要創(chuàng)業(yè)者的思維從想法提升到思考的高度，而原先的搞關(guān)系就轉(zhuǎn)變成一個個渠道的建設(shè)，公司的銷售是依靠渠道來完成，團隊也初步形成。

第三階段

集團化階段。這時依靠的是硬實力（產(chǎn)業(yè)化的核心競爭力），整個集團和子公司形成了系統(tǒng)平臺，依靠的是一個個團隊通過系統(tǒng)平臺來完成管理，（人治變成了公司治理），銷售變成了營銷，區(qū)域性渠道轉(zhuǎn)變成一個個地區(qū)性的網(wǎng)絡(luò)。從而形成了系統(tǒng)。

思維從平面到三維。這時你就可以退休了，創(chuàng)業(yè)者就有了現(xiàn)金流系統(tǒng)（賺錢機器），它是24小時為你工作的，這就是許多創(chuàng)業(yè)者夢想達到的理想狀態(tài)。

第四階段

這是創(chuàng)業(yè)者的最高境界，集團總部階段，是一種無國界的經(jīng)營，也就是俗稱跨國公司。集團總部的系統(tǒng)平臺和各子集團的運營系統(tǒng)形成的是一種體系。

集團總部依靠的是一種可跨越行業(yè)邊界的無邊界核心競爭力（軟實力）子集團形成的是行業(yè)核心競爭力（硬實力）這樣將使集團的各行各業(yè)取得它們在單兵作戰(zhàn)的情況下所無法取得業(yè)績水平和速度。思維已從三維到多維，這才是企業(yè)發(fā)展所能追求和達到的最高境界。

參考資料來源：百度百科--創(chuàng)業(yè)

4.急求求企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新論文的英文參考文獻（最好是期刊論文）

Sustainable Development and Institutional Innovation in Privately-owned Small and edium-sized Businesses YANG Da-kai, MIAO Xue-feng ( School of International Investment, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai 200433 , P. R. China) Abstract: Privately-owned small and medium-sized businesses are the main body in private-owned businesses in China and an e-merging group with special characteristics, and its state of development has a direct impact on the overall competitiveness of the Chinese economy in the future. By calculating first-order and second-order derivatives of production function to institution function and analyzing the results, it is indicated that institutional factor has a deep impact on the operation and development of privately-owned small and medium-sized businesses, and that improvement in institutional environment will greatly improve their production and operation. For this reason, the strategic path arrangement for institutional inno-vation in privately-owned small and medium-sized businesses in China is: cultivating entrepreneurship, carrying out property right innovation, perfecting operating mechanism of enterprises, and improving the external institutional envi-ronment for enterprise operation. Key words: privately-owned small and medium-sized business; family system; entrepreneur; governing structure; institutional innovation 我國經(jīng)濟體制改革的主線和目標是建立和完善社會主義市場經(jīng)濟體制。

市場經(jīng)濟的基本制度是所有制主體和利益主體的多元化，這一基本制度使我國民營經(jīng)濟得到了很大的發(fā)展，并日益成為我國國民經(jīng)濟的重要組成部分。民營中小企業(yè)是民營企業(yè)的主體，它與國有大中型企業(yè)、國有中小型企業(yè)、民營大企業(yè)都有著很大的區(qū)別，是一個具有特殊表征的新興群體。

一個已經(jīng)被普遍認同的觀點是，民營中小企業(yè)的發(fā)展狀況將直接影響到我國經(jīng)濟未來的整體競爭力。 Our country economic restructuring's master line and the goal are the establishment and the consummation socialist market economic system. Market economy's basic system is the system of ownership main body and the benefit main body multiplication, this basic system enabled our country privately operated economy to obtain the very big development, and became our country national economy day by day the important component. The privately operated small and medium-sized enterprise is Private enterprise's main body, it with the state-owned Large and middle scale Enterprises, the state-owned Small and medium-sized enterprise, the privately operated big enterprise has the very big difference, is one has the special attribute emerging community. One already by general acceptance's viewpoint was, privately operated small and medium-sized enterprise development condition immediate influence to our country economy future overall competitive power. 無論在我國還是在發(fā)達的工業(yè)化國家，家族式民營中小企業(yè)的存在和發(fā)展都與一定的歷史階段、社會發(fā)展狀況、社會文化特征密切相關(guān)。

家族企業(yè)作為現(xiàn)代市場經(jīng)濟中企業(yè)生態(tài)群體的母體和重要的企業(yè)組織形態(tài)，其治理結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)劣并存；全盤否定民營中小企業(yè)的家族治理模式，就等于推翻了當(dāng)前我國民營經(jīng)濟的基礎(chǔ)，這是不可取的。民營中小企業(yè)內(nèi)部治理結(jié)構(gòu)的演變有一個特定的歷史過程，根據(jù)其發(fā)展階段采用相應(yīng)的治理結(jié)構(gòu)，才能使其生命力不斷延伸，而現(xiàn)代企業(yè)制度并不適合我國大多數(shù)民營中小企業(yè)的現(xiàn)實狀況。

Regardless in our country in the developed industrialized country, the family type privately operated small and medium-sized enterprise's existence and the development with certain historical stage, the social development condition, the social culture characteristic closely is related. The Family firm takes in the modern market economy the enterprise ecology community's parent substance and the important enterprise organizes the shape, its management structure fit and unfit quality coexisting; The total repudiation privately operated small and medium-sized enterprise's family governs the pattern, was equal to that has overthrown the current our country privately operated economy foundation, this is cannot take. The privately operated small and medium-sized enterprise interior management structure's evolution has a specific historical process, uses the corresponding management structure according to its development phase, can cause its vitality to extend unceasingly, but the modern enterprise system does not suit our country Majority Privately operated Small and medium-sized enterprises the realistic conditions. 培育企業(yè)家精神。由于企業(yè)家的素質(zhì)決定了我國廣大中小民營企業(yè)的素質(zhì)和發(fā)展，因而民營中小企業(yè)制度創(chuàng)新中最重要的就是企業(yè)家。